Copper is a metal known for its high thermal and electrical conductivity, making it essential in electrical wiring, electronics, and industrial plumbing.
Aluminium is a lightweight, corrosion-resistant metal known for its high strength-to-weight ratio, making it ideal for use in an array of applications.
Coal, a fossil fuel formed from plant remains over millions of years, remains a significant global energy source despite environmental concerns over its combustion.
Mill scale is the flaky surface layer of hot-rolled steel, made of iron oxides formed during manufacturing, crucial for surface preparation in steelworks.